New crash test fails 10 of 11 light cars
By Karla Pincott · 23 Jan 2014
The US Insurance Institute for Highway Safety -- an independent body that annually crash tests and rates cars for safety, has slammed the light mini-car class after the results of its first small overlap front crash tests on a group of 11 cars in the segment.
The IIHS says mini-cars are the worst performing group of any they've crashed since the new test was introduced in 2012, with 10 of the 11 models getting 'Marginal' or 'Poor' ratings.
Six of the cars earned IIHS’ lowest rating of Poor: Fiat 500, Honda Fit (Jazz in Australia), Hyundai Accent, Mitsubishi Mirage, the Nissan Versa (Tiida and Pulsar in Australia), and Toyota’s Prius c. The Ford Fiesta, Kia Rio, Mazda2, and Toyota Yaris were scored as Marginal. Chevrolet’s Spark (Holden Barina Spark in Australia) was scored as 'Acceptable'. Not one car earned a rating of 'Good'.
In Australian New Car Assessment Program (ANCAP) tests, the Poor and Marginal cars have fared much better. Five crash stars have been earned by the Fiat 500, Honda Jazz, Hyundai Accent, Mitsubishi Mirage, Nissan Pulsar, Ford Fiesta, Kia Rio, Mazda2, Toyota Yaris, while four stars went to the Nissan Tiida and the Prius c has not yet been crash-tested by ANCAP.
However the Holden Barina Spark -- the IIHS top scorer -- earned only four stars in its latest Australian test.
The IIHS small overlap test is intended to replicate the front corner of a car colliding with another vehicle or an object at 65km/h -- which is higher than the speed limit in Australian streets but less than that on major roads and highways. In the test, 25 percent of a vehicle's front end on the driver's side rams into a barrier at that speed.
IIHS says the test is more difficult than head-on crash tests, as the angle of crash bypasses most of the car's front crumple zone, making it difficult for the vehicle to safely absorb the crash energy before it can reach and crush the occupant compartment.
"Nevertheless, in many size categories, manufacturers have found ways to improve vehicle structures to meet this challenge," the IIHS says. Because the Spark also earned good ratings in the institute's other four crashworthiness evaluations, it has been given their Top Safety Pick for its class.
ANCAP chief executive officer Nicholas Clarke says the Australian organisation has already been looking at the small frontal offset test method, but is not sure if that kind of crash happens on Australian roads. "We've been looking at it for some time, as it's among many that have been developed that might fit into a mix of future tests," Clarke says. "But we're unsure it it's appropriate for Australia. There are a lot of different crash scenarios and they differ from country to country, because there are different roads and urban concentrations.
"The tests we have done over time have been very representative of the crashes in this country. We do the 40 per cent frontal offset now, so with something like a 25 per cent (small) offset we'd need to explore to see if relevant in the Australian context -- we don't know if that kind of crash happens in Australia."
He says that ANCAP is confident its current battery of tests are the appropriate ones for Australian conditions, and is also mindful of the growing availability of collision-avoidance technology. "For a long time our research has shown that our tests cover the majority of Australian crash scenarios. And as a not for profit organisation, we have to do the tests that are appropriate within the budget we have. We also need to balance the modern car's ability to avoid collisions -- if a car can't crash front on, do we need a frontal offset crash test?
Clarke says also that the cars tested by IIHS might be different from the ones here. "The cars that were tested by IIHS are 2014 cars, and are not yet available in Australia. They might be completely different," he says.
Watch the new crash test fails 10 of 11 light cars video here.
This reporter is on Twitter: @KarlaPincott